Tokyos marathon journey to the start of the Olympics
A year after they were supposed to start, the Tokyo Olympics will officially get underway with a three-and-a-half-hour opening ceremony on July 23.
The event at the National Stadium in the Japanese capital is designed to celebrate the worldâs âunity in diversityâ and provide encouragement to the more than 11,000 athletes who will compete in the Games, mostly without the benefit of crowds to cheer them on.
After a journey across Japanâs 47 prefectures involving some 10,000 runners, the Olympic flame will be the centrepiece of the ceremony.
âOur goal is to deliver a performance of human affirmation and hope for the future,â said Director of Choreography Shintaro Hirahara.
The Tokyo Olympics have emerged as one of the most controversial sporting events in recent years, buffeted by a series of scandals over issues including sexism, bullying and whether the Games should even go ahead during a global pandemic.
Tokyo itself is under a coronavirus state of emergency and competitors and the Games staff have been confined largely to the Olympic Village, training centres and sports venues. Even the medal ceremony has been modified because of the virus and athletes will have to pick up their medal themselves to hang around their necks.
The Games have been billed as the most âinnovativeâ ever and have been designed to appeal to younger people with karate, 3Ã3 basketball, skateboarding, climbing and surfing all making their Olympic debut.
Baseball and softball have also returned to the competition for the first time since the 2008 Games in Beijing.
Skateboarding is one of the new sports in the Tokyo Games, part of an effort to appeal to younger audiences [File: Franck Robichon/EPA]Here is a timeline of the Tokyo Gamesâ stuttering progress to the starting line.
Sept 2013At a ceremony in Argentina, the IOC awarded the 2020 Games to Tokyo, beating out Madrid and Istanbul.
Then IOC President Jacques Rogge said Tokyo had promised to deliver âa well-organised and safe Games that will reinforce the Olympic values while demonstrating the benefits of sport to a new generation.â
The Japanese capital previously hosted the Summer Games in 1964.
There was jubilation among the members of the Japanese bid committee in 2013 after IOC President Jacques Rogge announced Tokyo as the host of the 2020 Summer Olympic Games [File: Marcos Brindicci/Reuters] July 2015Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe shelves plans for a new national stadium by renowned British architect Zaha Hadid after the cost of the project ballooned to more than $2bn.
âWe have decided to go back to the start on the stadium plan and start over from zero,â he told a news conference.
April 2016Organisers unveil a new logo for the event after accusations of plagiarism forced them to drop the initial design.
The indigo-chequered design of Tokyo-based Asao Tokolo is inspired by an Edo-era (1603 â" 1867) pattern known as âichimatsu moyoâ and is supposed to represent âUnity in Diversityâ.
Zaha Hadidâs proposal for a new Olympic Stadium was shelved in 2015 after costs ballooned [File: Tokyo 2020 Olympic Bid Committee via AFP] August 2016Abe, wearing a hat similar to the one worn by the video game character Super Mario, formally takes over the Olympic baton at the end of the 2016 Summer Games in Rio de Janeiro.
Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe took part in the closing ceremony of the 31st Summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, dressing up as popular video game character Super Mario [File: Yonhap via EPA] February 2018Organisers unveil the Summer Gamesâ two mascots â" Miraitowa and Someity â" which thousands of primary schoolchildren had picked in a vote. The anime-style creatures â" one blue and one pink â" were created by Fukuoka-based illustrator Ryo Taniguchi and are supposed to symbolise tradition and innovation.
âThe mascots exist in unison, a yin-yang pair along a Tokyo theme, âold meets newâ,â the organisers said.
October 2019The IOC decides to move the marathon event to the cooler climes of northern Sapporo to escape Tokyoâs oppressive heat and humidity.
The Olympic mascots Miraitowa (left) and Tokyo 2020 Paralympic mascot Someity (right). Thousands of schoolchildren picked them out in a vote. [File: Kimimasa Mayama/EPA] December 2019The first cases of a mysterious pneumonia are reported in Wuhan in central China.
Despite the early hurdles, the construction of the new National Stadium is completed on schedule.
The building is the work of renowned Japanese architect Kengo Kuma.
Despite changing the design and architect, construction of the new National Stadium was completed in December 2019 [iTomohiro Ohsumi/Pool via Reuters] March 2020As the pneumonia, now attributed to a new coronavirus, spreads around the world, the World Health Organization declares a pandemic.
On March 20, the Olympic flame, carried on board a special aeroplane from Athens, arrives in Japan.
Four days later, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and President of the International Olympic Committee Thomas Bach announce an unprecedented delay to the Olympics. Abe said they would be held by the summer of 2021 and would be âproof of a victory by human beings against the coronavirus infectionsâ.
September 2020Abe resigns blaming ill-health. His longtime Chief Cabinet Secretary, Yoshihide Suga replaces him.
January 2021COVID-19 cases surge in Tokyo, prompting the declaration of a state of emergency. Opposition to hosting the Olympics begins to grow in Japan.
February 2021The organisers release their first set of COVID-19 rules for the Games. Singing and dancing will be banned and masks will have to be worn at all times, according to the Playbook.
Tokyo 2020 chief Yoshiro Mori is forced to resign over sexist comments about women that triggered an outcry both at home and abroad. âMy inappropriate comments caused a lot of chaos,â he said as he stepped down.
Olympic Minister Seiko Hashimoto, a seven-time Olympian, takes the place of the 83-year-old former prime minister.
Olympics Minister Seiko Hashimoto, who won a bronze in speed skating at the Albertville Games in 1992, replaced Yoshiro Mori as Tokyo 2020 chief [File: Kyodo via Reuters] March 2021Foreign spectators are banned from the event.
The Olympic torch relay begins in Fukushima, the area devastated by the triple earthquake, tsunami and nuclear meltdown 10 years before. Azusa Iwashimizu, a member of Japanâs 2011 Womenâs World Cup winning team, becomes the first to carry the flame in a ceremony closed off to the public.
April 2021North Korea says it will not take part in the Games because of the coronavirus risks.
June 2021Australiaâs womenâs softball team become the first athletes to arrive in Japan.
Organisers put a limit on the number of domestic fans allowed to attend each event â" half the capacity of the venue to a maximum of 10,000 people.
Japanâs Azusa Iwashimizu, (centre), a member of the womenâs national football team, takes part in the torch relay at the J-Village National Training Center in Naraha in Fukushima prefecture on March 25 [File: Philip Fong/Pool via AP Photo] July 2021Tokyo announces a new state of emergency on July 8 and bans all spectators from Olympic competitions in the area.
Opinion polls continue to show more Japanese oppose the Games than support them.
Many Japanese worry the Games could become a âsuper spreaderâ event even with the measures taken to curb any spread of the virus [File: Kimimasa Mayama/EPA]The first athletes move into the Olympic Village at Harumi waterfront and soon after, the first case of COVID-19 emerges.
Keigo Oyamada, the Japanese musician tapped as the composer for the opening ceremony, is forced to step down four days ahead of the event, after historic allegations of bullying and abuse resurface.
Medal-winning athletes will have to take their medals fhemselves to hang around their necks and the podium will be larger than usual to allow for physical distancing [File: Koji Sasahara/AP Photo]Japan wins the first event of the Tokyo Olympics â" a womenâs softball match against Australia â" on July 21.
On the eve of the opening ceremony Show Director Kentaro Kobayashi is forced to quit after footage of the former comedian joking about the Holocaust resurfaces.
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